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<title>ACL CheatSheet - Kompakt</title>
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<h1>ACL CheatSheet – Kompakt</h1>
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<p style="text-align: center; color: #666; margin-bottom: 15px; font-size: 12px;">
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Standard und Extended Access Control Lists | CISCO Router
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</p>
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<h2>📋 Übersicht</h2>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Merkmal</th>
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<th>Standard</th>
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<th>Extended</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>Nummernbereich</strong></td>
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<td>1-99, 1300-1399</td>
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<td>100-199, 2000-2699</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>Filter</strong></td>
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<td>Quell-IP</td>
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<td>Quelle, Ziel, Protokoll, Port</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>Position</strong></td>
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<td>Entfernt oder Interface-nah</td>
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<td>Quelle-nah</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<hr>
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<h2>🔧 Standard ACL (Numbered)</h2>
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<h3>Syntax</h3>
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<pre>access-list <nummer> [permit | deny] <quell-ip> [wildcard-maske]</pre>
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<h3>Beispiel</h3>
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<pre>access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
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access-list 10 deny any</pre>
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<h3>Interface-Anwendung</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/0
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Router(config-if)# ip access-group 10 in</pre>
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<hr>
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<h2>⚙️ Extended ACL (Numbered)</h2>
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<h3>Syntax</h3>
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<pre>access-list <nummer> [permit | deny] <protokoll> <quelle> <quelle-wc>
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<ziel> <ziel-wc> [operatoren]</pre>
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<h3>Beispiel</h3>
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<pre>access-list 100 permit tcp 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 any eq 80
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access-list 100 permit tcp 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 any eq 443
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access-list 100 deny ip any any</pre>
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<h3>Interface-Anwendung</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# interface Serial 0/0
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Router(config-if)# ip access-group 100 out</pre>
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<hr>
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<h2>📛 Standard Named ACL</h2>
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<h3>Syntax</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# ip access-list standard <name>
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Router(config-std-nacl)# [permit | deny] <quell-ip> [wildcard-maske]
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Router(config-std-nacl)# exit</pre>
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<h3>Beispiel</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# ip access-list standard ALLOW_ADMIN
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Router(config-std-nacl)# permit host 192.168.1.1
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Router(config-std-nacl)# deny any
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Router(config-std-nacl)# exit
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Router(config)# interface FastEthernet 0/1
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Router(config-if)# ip access-group ALLOW_ADMIN in</pre>
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<hr>
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<h2>⚙️ Extended Named ACL</h2>
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<h3>Syntax</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# ip access-list extended <name>
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# [permit | deny] <protokoll> <quelle> <quelle-wc>
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<ziel> <ziel-wc> [operatoren]
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# exit</pre>
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<h3>Beispiel</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# ip access-list extended WEB_TRAFFIC
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# permit tcp any 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 eq 80
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# permit tcp any 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 eq 443
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# deny ip any any
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# exit</pre>
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<hr>
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<h2>🎯 Wildcard Masking</h2>
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<p><strong>Grundprinzip:</strong> 0 = Bit vergleichen | 1 = Bit ignorieren</p>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Wildcard</th>
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<th>Bedeutung</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td><code>0.0.0.0</code></td><td>Genau diese IP (host)</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>0.0.0.255</code></td><td>/24 Subnetz</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>0.0.255.255</code></td><td>/16 Subnetz</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>255.255.255.255</code></td><td>Alle (any)</td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<hr>
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<h2>📊 Protokolle & Ports</h2>
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<h3>Protokolle</h3>
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<ul>
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<li><code>ip</code> – Alle IP-Protokolle</li>
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<li><code>tcp</code> – Transmission Control Protocol</li>
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<li><code>udp</code> – User Datagram Protocol</li>
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<li><code>icmp</code> – Internet Control Message Protocol</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Häufige Ports</h3>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Service</th>
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<th>Port</th>
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<th>Service</th>
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<th>Port</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td>HTTP</td><td>80</td><td>DNS</td><td>53</td></tr>
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<tr><td>HTTPS</td><td>443</td><td>DHCP</td><td>67,68</td></tr>
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<tr><td>SSH</td><td>22</td><td>NTP</td><td>123</td></tr>
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<tr><td>Telnet</td><td>23</td><td>SNMP</td><td>161,162</td></tr>
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<tr><td>SMTP</td><td>25</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<hr>
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<h2>🔧 Operatoren & Schlüsselwörter</h2>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Operator</th>
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<th>Bedeutung</th>
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<th>Beispiel</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td><code>eq</code></td><td>equal (gleich)</td><td><code>eq 80</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>neq</code></td><td>not equal</td><td><code>neq 22</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>gt</code></td><td>greater than</td><td><code>gt 1023</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>lt</code></td><td>less than</td><td><code>lt 1024</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>range</code></td><td>Bereich</td><td><code>range 1000 2000</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>established</code></td><td>Rückantworten</td><td>Stateful filtering</td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>host</code></td><td>Einzelne IP</td><td><code>host 192.168.1.1</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>any</code></td><td>Alle Adressen</td><td>Wildcard 255.255.255.255</td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<hr>
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<h2>🔍 Verwaltung & Debugging</h2>
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<h3>ACLs anzeigen</h3>
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<pre>Router# show access-lists
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Router# show access-lists 100
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Router# show ip access-lists</pre>
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<h3>ACLs löschen</h3>
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<pre>Router(config)# no access-list 100
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Router(config)# ip access-list extended WEB_TRAFFIC
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Router(config-ext-nacl)# no 5</pre>
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<h3>Interface-Anwendung prüfen</h3>
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<pre>Router# show ip interface <interface> | include access list</pre>
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<hr>
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<h2>⚠️ Wichtige Regeln</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>First-Match-Prinzip:</strong> Erste zutreffende Regel wird angewendet</li>
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<li><strong>Implizites Deny:</strong> Ohne explizite Erlaubnis = verweigert</li>
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<li><strong>Spezifisch vor Allgemein:</strong> Spezifische Regeln vorne positionieren</li>
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<li><strong>Inbound vs. Outbound:</strong> Richtige Richtung beachten (in/out)</li>
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<li><strong>Wildcard invers:</strong> Wildcard ≠ Subnetzmaske (invertiert!)</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="footer">
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<p><strong>ACL CheatSheet – Kompakt</strong><br>
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CISCO Router | 3. Lehrjahr Fachinformatik Systemintegration<br>
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<em>Drucken: Strg+P | In PDF speichern: Drucken → Als PDF speichern</em></p>
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</div>
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